CV - opencv(Python) Morphology

Morphology에 대해 알아보겠습니다.

객체 외곽선을 부드럽게 하거나, 구멍을 메꾸거나, 작은 점을 지우는 기능.

이진 영상, 회색조 영상에도 수행 가능.

 

기본 Morphology 연산

-Dilation(팽창) : 각 픽셀의 structuring element를 적용하여 or연산 수행, 겹치면 형태 확장

-Erosion(침식) : 각 픽셀의 structuring element를 적용하여 and연산 수행, 겹치지 않으면 형태 축소

 

활용 Morphology 연산

-Opening : Erosion 후 Dilation 적용 (작은 돌기, 노이즈 제거)

-Closing : Dilation 후 Erosion 적용 (전체적인 윤곽 파악)

-Gradient : Dilation 이미지에서 Eriosion 이미지 빼는 연산(경계선 검출 방법)

 

 

Morphology

 

 

코드 원형 설명

#Dilation
def imageDilation(image, kernel, iterations):
    return cv2.dilate(image, kernel=kernel, iterations=iterations)
    
#Erosion
def imageErosion(image, kernel, iterations):
    return cv2.erode(image, kernel=kernel, iterations=iterations)

#Opening
def imageOpening(image, iterations = 1):
    kernel = np.ones((3, 3), np.uint8)
    erosion = imageErosion(image, kernel, iterations)
    return imageDilation(erosion, kernel, iterations)
    
#Closing
def imageClosing(image, iterations = 1):
    kernel = np.ones((3, 3), np.uint8)
    dilation = imageDilation(image, kernel, iterations)
    return imageErosion(dilation, kernel, iterations)
        
#Gradient
def imageMorphologicalGradient(image, iterations = 1):
    kernel = np.ones((3, 3), np.uint8)
    dilation = imageDilation(image, kernel, iterations)
    erosion = imageErosion(image, kernel, iterations)
    return dilation-erosion
  

 

 

코드 설명

from OpenCV_Functions import *

#이미지 설정
imagePath = "<이미지 경로>"
image = imageRead(imagePath, cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE) 
imageShow("image", image)

#morphology 설정
image_threshold = imageThreshold(image, 128, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
kernel = np.array([[1, 1, 1],
                   [1, 1, 1],
                   [1, 1, 1]], np.uint8)
image_Dilation = imageDilation(image_threshold, kernel, 1)
image_Erosion = imageErosion(image_threshold, kernel, 1)
image_Opening = imageOpening(image_threshold, 1)
image_Closing = imageClosing(image_threshold, 1)
image_Gradient = imageMorphologicalGradient(image_threshold)

#창 띄우기
imageShow("threshold", image_threshold)
imageShow("Dilation", image_Dilation)
imageShow("Erosion", image_Erosion)
imageShow("Opening", image_Opening)
imageShow("Closing", image_Closing)
imageShow("Gradient", image_Gradient)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()